基于校企合作模式的大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力培養(yǎng)研究

摘 要：為了解校企合作模式下大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的現(xiàn)狀，探討培養(yǎng)干預(yù)措施。采用大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)能力評(píng)價(jià)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查386名學(xué)生，發(fā)現(xiàn)校企合作班學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)能力顯著高于普通班學(xué)生；學(xué)生干部的創(chuàng)業(yè)能力顯著高于一般學(xué)生；家庭居住地為大城市的學(xué)生的創(chuàng)業(yè)能力顯著強(qiáng)于其他居住地的學(xué)生。進(jìn)而提出提升創(chuàng)業(yè)能力的培養(yǎng)策略：轉(zhuǎn)變?nèi)瞬排囵B(yǎng)模式，形成開放式教育理念；堅(jiān)持社會(huì)實(shí)踐工程，拓展創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)視野；培養(yǎng)學(xué)生組織管理能力，建設(shè)創(chuàng)業(yè)團(tuán)隊(duì)意識(shí)；培養(yǎng)學(xué)生自主學(xué)習(xí)能力，獲得創(chuàng)業(yè)競(jìng)爭(zhēng)資本；校企聯(lián)合建設(shè)雙師型教師隊(duì)伍，教學(xué)實(shí)踐中落實(shí)創(chuàng)業(yè)計(jì)劃；建立創(chuàng)新創(chuàng)業(yè)孵化園，多管齊下協(xié)助大學(xué)生創(chuàng)業(yè)。

關(guān)鍵詞：校企合作；大學(xué)生；創(chuàng)業(yè)能力；培養(yǎng)策略

中圖分類號(hào)：C961 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)志碼：A 文章編號(hào)：2096-000X（2017）13-0007-03

Abstract： This study investigates the current situation of College Students' entrepreneurial ability under the college enterprise cooperation， and some interventions are provided. A total of 386 college students are investigated with the entrepreneurial ability evaluation questionnaire. The result indicates that students' entrepreneurial ability of college-enterprise cooperation class is much better than that of ordinary class； the entrepreneurial ability of student cadres is better than that of common students； and students who live in big cities are more entrepreneurial than those who live in other places. To promote students' entrepreneurial ability， some strategies from all perspectives are proposed， such as transforming talents training model to form an idea of open education， insisting on social practice to broaden the horizon on innovation and entrepreneurship， cultivating students' organization and management ability to build team spirit， cultivating students' independent learning ability to get venture capital， training dual-qualification teachers through college-enterprise cooperation to combine entrepreneurship with teaching， and building the Pioneering Park.

Keywords： college-enterprise cooperation； college students； entrepreneurial ability； cultivation strategy

隨著高校擴(kuò)招的規(guī)模化，大學(xué)生的就業(yè)形勢(shì)十分嚴(yán)峻，校企合作成為促進(jìn)就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)教育的新趨勢(shì)。眾多研究者和教育者也逐漸認(rèn)識(shí)到，校企合作有利于學(xué)生知識(shí)、能力、素質(zhì)的協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展[1]。目前，部分高校已經(jīng)開啟了校企合作辦學(xué)模式，主要分布在各類職業(yè)院校，他們通過(guò)優(yōu)化課程專業(yè)設(shè)置、加強(qiáng)雙師隊(duì)伍建設(shè)、定期到企業(yè)實(shí)訓(xùn)等方式，培養(yǎng)企業(yè)需要、市場(chǎng)需求的人才。校企合作辦學(xué)逐漸成為培養(yǎng)合格高校畢業(yè)生和解決企業(yè)急需人才的重要途徑。在“加強(qiáng)就業(yè)創(chuàng)業(yè)教育和就業(yè)指導(dǎo)服務(wù)”的國(guó)家教育發(fā)展規(guī)劃指引下，校企合作模式下的創(chuàng)業(yè)教育和創(chuàng)業(yè)能力培養(yǎng)成為高校就業(yè)服務(wù)的新指向?！?br>